Vestibular Disorder前庭疾病

What Is a Vestibular Disorder?

A vestibular disorder occurs when the inner ear or parts of the brain that control balance and eye movements are not functioning properly.

The vestibular system, located in the inner ear, helps detect head position and motion. When it is disrupted, signals to the brain become confused, resulting in dizziness, unsteadiness, or vertigo (a sensation that you or your surroundings are moving even though you are not).

Vestibular disorders can affect people of all ages, but are more common in adults and seniors. They can significantly impact daily activities such as walking, driving, or even turning your head.

Common Types of Vestibular Disorders

There are several types of vestibular disorders, each with unique causes and symptoms. Common examples include:

• Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): Tiny crystals in the inner ear shift out of place, causing short bursts of dizziness when the head changes position.

• Vestibular neuritis or labyrinthitis: Inflammation of the vestibular nerve or inner ear due to viral infection, resulting in sudden, intense vertigo and vestibular migraine.

• Ménière’s disease: A chronic condition involving fluid imbalance in the inner ear that can cause dizziness, hearing loss and ringing in the ears.

• Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): A long-term feeling of unsteadiness or motion sensitivity, often following a previous episode of vertigo or stress.

Causes of Vestibular Disorders

Vestibular disorders can develop from various conditions, including:

• Inner ear infections or inflammation

• Head injury or trauma

• Age-related degeneration of the vestibular system

• Side effects of certain medications

• Circulatory or neurological conditions

• Post-viral complications (such as after flu or COVID-19)

Understanding the underlying cause is key to effective treatment and long-term recovery.

Do Family History or Genetics Contribute to Vestibular Disorders?

While most vestibular disorders arise from infection, injury, or degeneration, research suggests that genetic and familial factors can play a role in certain cases.

• Inherited tendencies: Some people may have a genetic predisposition to balance problems or migraine-associated vertigo.

• Familial Ménière’s disease: Studies indicate that Ménière’s disease can occasionally run in families, suggesting a hereditary component linked to inner ear fluid regulation.

• Ageing and shared lifestyle: Family members may share similar environmental or lifestyle factors, such as cardiovascular health or medication use, that influence inner ear function.

However, genetics is rarely the sole cause. Most vestibular disorders result from a combination of biological, environmental, and age-related factors. A proper assessment by your doctor or physiotherapist is essential to identify the root cause.

Can Tiredness and Stress Make Vestibular Disorders Worse?

Yes. Fatigue, emotional stress, and anxiety can significantly intensify vestibular disorder symptoms.

When the body is tired or under stress, the brain’s ability to process balance signals from the inner ear becomes less efficient. This can lead to:

• Increased dizziness or light-headedness

• Heightened sensitivity to movement or visual motion

• Difficulty concentrating or focusing

• Feelings of unsteadiness or “brain fog”

In some patients, prolonged stress can even contribute to Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD), a condition where dizziness continues long after the original vestibular problem has healed.

Learning to manage stress, getting adequate rest, and following a physiotherapist-guided exercise programme can help reduce flare-ups and improve long-term balance control.

Common Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of a vestibular disorder can vary from mild to severe. You may experience:

• Dizziness or vertigo

• Imbalance or unsteady walking

• Blurred or unstable vision (especially when moving your head)

• Nausea or vomiting

• Light-headedness or a feeling of floating

• Difficulty concentrating or fatigue

If these symptoms persist for more than a few days, it’s important to seek professional assessment.

Diagnosis of Vestibular Disorders

Diagnosis typically involves a detailed medical history, symptom review, and specific clinical tests.

Our physiotherapists may work alongside ENT specialists to perform:

• Balance and gait assessments

• Eye movement tracking (oculomotor tests)

• Positional tests such as the Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre

• Functional balance evaluations to assess daily movement safety

These assessments help identify the cause of dizziness and determine the most effective treatment plan.

How Our Physiotherapists Can Help

At Physio & Sole Clinic, we offer vestibular physiotherapy in Singapore designed to restore stability and confidence.

Treatment may include:

• Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy (VRT): Targeted exercises to retrain the brain and body to respond better to balance signals.

• Repositioning Manoeuvres: Specific techniques to treat BPPV by repositioning displaced inner ear crystals.

• Balance and Gait Training: Improves coordination, posture, and fall prevention.

• Education and Home Exercise Programmes: Empowering patients with knowledge and customised routines for faster recovery.

With consistent therapy, many patients experience reduced dizziness, improved stability, and restored independence in daily life.

Vestibular Rehabilitation at Physio & Sole Clinic

• Experienced physiotherapists trained in vestibular rehabilitation

• Collaborative care with ENT and neurological specialists

• Evidence-based assessment and treatment

• Personalised recovery plans tailored to your symptoms and lifestyle

• Convenient clinic locations across Singapore

Frequently Asked Questions About Vestibular Disorders

If you experience sudden, severe, or persistent dizziness, see a doctor to rule out medical emergencies. Once diagnosed, vestibular physiotherapy can support your recovery and long-term stability.